Bilingual Resources

(In this section:Articles Worth Reading, Appropriate Referrals, Evaluations, Resources)

ARTICLES WORTH READING

From Bilingual Speechie, Jan 2023.

Recent research about learning two languages.

Article in BBC Future, July 2022.

Paper from the National Institutes of Health, 2018.

Nice infographic. From 2016 - there is more recent research now to add.

APPROPRIATE REFERRALS

There is a lot of information that needs to be gathered before referring a student for a bilingual sp/lang evaluation. Some of these forms and info might help. They are NOT an assessment!

Makes a clear distinction between dialect and disorder. Look under "Key Issues". Look under "Resources" for multicultural phonemic inventories.


Case history form for parents to fill out, in Spanish. Includes English subtitles.

Milestones and red flags for learning two languages.

Milestones for birth - 11 years for receptive language, expressive language, social skills, and print skills.

Handout about BICS and CALP, and acculturation. Good info if you need to document impact.

Native phonetic inventory for most languages.

Determine if a student's issues is a possible language disorder or language difference. (Not for Pre-K).

Article from Edutopia with  5 tips for classroom teachers. Could make good interventions for RTI/MTSS.

Rubric for teacher to complete regarding student's language proficiency in class.

EVALUATIONS

The speech banana chart for speech sounds in Spanish.

School-Aged Language Assessment Measures, free to download with scoring guide (Eng & Span). Also available for PreK ages.

Example of a bilingual sp/lang eval report. Note: tests included are not current. This is an example only!

Based on the one in the PLS, this needs to be administered by someone who speaks Spanish.

Parent checklist about native language skills, in English and Spanish.

From Bilinguistics.com. Sound development chart, word length, phonological processes.

RESOURCES

Definitions, ethical issues, research, and more.

Lots of free materials.

Lots of free materials.

Lots of free handouts for parents and teachers in both English and Spanish.

Lots of free materials scattered in each section. Flashcards, lessons, readers, songs, and more.

English proficiency levels for listening, speaking, reading and writing. Good info for Current Functioning section of IEPs.

Article from ASHA Leader about legal issues regarding the use of translators, where to find them, how to use them.

(Univ. of Wisc.) Research and resources for working with English language learners. They provide the ACCESS testing and "Can Do" standards for instruction.

Fifteen free resources for English language materials, from Educators Technology, Jan 2024.